“Prioritize watershed protection in the Upper Wawa Dam as well as the reforestation and biodiversity preservation in the Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape.”

This was President Marcos’ clearcut order to stakeholders during the recent ceremonial impounding process of the Upper Wawa Dam in Montalban, Rizal.

While the call was specific for the occasion, this has a far-reaching message to the nation as a whole — a marching order to protect the country’s watersheds. 

And we can’t underestimate the importance of watersheds to biodiversity. They are vital for freshwater provision, water quality regulation, and natural resource preservation as they regulate floods, droughts, and other extreme weather events. Forests play a crucial role in hydrological processes, supplying approximately 70 percent of the world’s accessible freshwater resources.

However, deforestation, pollution, and invasive species threaten watershed functions, impacting soil productivity, water quality, and biodiversity. 

In fact, data released by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources in 2023 showed that around 6.8 million hectares of watershed areas are vulnerable to deforestation, biodiversity loss, erosion, floods, landslides and water pollution, while 14.2 million hectares were identified as critical for the national irrigation system. 

Reforestation efforts can restore ecosystem functions and enhance water availability.

To protect our watersheds long-term, land use planning is crucial. These include establishing clear boundaries, settling disputes, and developing water flow plans to keep everyone from abusing our watersheds. Also vital are strong environment policies that encourage sustainable practices and community engagement by involving local communities in decision-making and resource management.

Development of sustainable water sources by exploring technologies for water efficiency, monitoring, and treatment; engaging in green infrastructure such as implementing practices like vegetated rooftops and absorbent gardens to reduce stormwater runoff; and rainwater harvesting for domestic use and irrigation are also good practices.

If we are to succeed in protecting our watersheds, a whole-of-nation approach is necessary. Bear in mind that collaboration among all stakeholders is essential for effective watershed management and sustainable water supply.

As President Marcos stressed: "At the end of the day, water remains at the core, not only for human survival but also for national development. Water is life. Water is life for human beings. Water is life for our economy. Water is life.”