By Jasmine Tuaño
Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the Philippines, yet many people remain unaware of its risks, early warning signs, and how it can be prevented. While there is no singular cause, a combination of genetic predisposition and lifestyle choices plays a significant role in its development.
During a casual yet insightful lunch at New World Makati, Dr. Zee Ying Kiat, a renowned oncologist from Parkway Cancer Center (PCC) in Singapore, sat down with major publications in the Philippines to engage in a meaningful discussion on colorectal cancer in observance of Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month.
Dr. Zee shared valuable insights, dispelled myths, and emphasized the importance of early detection. “One in five people will get cancer in their lifetime,” he noted. “But one in three cancers can be prevented with simple changes in diet and lifestyle.”
Key factors in colorectal cancer prevention.
Colorectal cancer develops when abnormal cell growth occurs in the large intestine, often triggered by a combination of genetic mutations and environmental factors. While genetics play a role in some cases, lifestyle choices significantly influence a person’s risk.
Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are also major risk factors. Excessive intake of processed foods, red meat, and carcinogenic substances - such as those found in bacon, sausages, and other processed meats - can also increase cancer risk.
Maintaining a healthy weight and engaging in regular physical activity further helps lower the likelihood of developing the disease. Dr. Zee stressed the importance of a balanced diet in cancer prevention. “A fiber-rich diet helps reduce the risk of colorectal cancer,” he explained. Consuming fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains supports gut health.
He also shared that higher intake of calcium and vitamin D has been linked to a lower risk of colorectal cancer. These nutrients play a crucial role in maintaining gut health, with calcium potentially reducing the growth of cancerous cells and vitamin D supporting immune function.
Why early detection save lives
One of the strongest points Dr. Zee emphasized was the life-saving power of early detection. Many people assume that if they feel fine, they do not need to get screened, but colorectal cancer can develop silently, without noticeable symptoms until it reaches an advanced stage.
“Screening can detect colorectal cancer before symptoms appear, allowing for early intervention,” Dr. Zee explained. Detecting and removing precancerous polyps during screening can prevent them from developing into full-blown cancer.
For Dr. Zee, colonoscopy remains the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening. This procedure not only provides an accurate diagnosis but also allows doctors to identify and remove polyps before they become cancerous. Regular screenings can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer by up to 90%.
Treatment advancements and tailored, multidisciplinary approach
Thanks to medical advancements and modern approach in treatment, colorectal cancer is highly treatable, especially when detected in its early stages. Treatment options vary depending on how far the disease has progressed.
In the early cancer stage, surgery is often the primary treatment, with a high chance of a cure. In some cases, chemotherapy or radiotherapy may be used to improve outcomes. If cancer is in an advanced stage, when the disease has spread, treatment typically includes chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. At PCC, Dr. Zee shares that their doctors often use a multidisciplinary approach, combining different treatments for the best possible outcome.
Dr. Zee reassured, “Cancer is not a death sentence. For patients diagnosed at an early stage and who undergo surgery, we can cure about 90-95% of cases.”
One of the most promising developments in cancer care is genomic profiling. It is a tool that analyzes a patient’s genetic makeup to create personalized treatments. This precision-based approach enhances diagnosis, treatment, and even prevention strategies, leading to better patient outcomes.
In terms of treatment approach, PCC doctors ensure that they focus on personalized treatment plans as each case is unique. They plan based on a patient’s medical history, genetic profile, and tumor characteristics. By understanding how a patient’s cancer behaves at a molecular level, doctors can select the most effective therapies, reducing unnecessary treatments and side effects. This patient-centered approach ensures that individuals receive the most appropriate and targeted care for their condition.
Dr. Zee also believes that fighting colorectal cancer involves a team of specialists working together. A multidisciplinary team typically includes oncologists, surgeons, radiologists, pathologists, and nutritionists, all collaborating to develop the best treatment plan for the patient. This team-based approach ensures that all aspects of the patient’s health are considered, from the latest medical treatments to emotional and nutritional support, providing a comprehensive and holistic cancer care experience.
Addressing common misconceptions
Despite the clear benefits of screening, many people still avoid getting tested due to misconceptions. Some individuals believe one must only seek screening if symptoms persist. Dr. Zee reminds that colorectal cancer often develops without symptoms. By the time symptoms appear, the disease may already be advanced.
Some say that older adults get colorectal cancer. Dr. Zee cautioned that younger individuals are also at risk, particularly if they have a family history of colorectal cancer. “Some cases of colorectal cancers arise earlier in life from genetic mutations that form precancerous polyps, which can develop into cancer if left untreated.”
While lifestyle plays a crucial role, genetics can also be a factor. “In about 5-10% of colorectal cancer cases, individuals inherit faulty genes that predispose them to developing the disease early in life,” he added. For those with a family history of colorectal cancer, early screening is essential.
A message of hope
Parkway Cancer Center offers a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to cancer treatment. Their services include screening, diagnosis, surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. They also focus on post-cancer care and education to ensure patients receive holistic support throughout their journey.
Colorectal cancer is a serious disease, but it is preventable and treatable. Through lifestyle modifications, regular screenings, and advancements in treatment, the survival rate continues to improve.
Dr. Zee’s visit to the Philippines served as a powerful reminder: awareness and early action can save lives. “Cancer is not the end,” he affirmed. “Through awareness, prevention, and timely treatment, we can change the outcome for many patients.”
Let this be a call to action. Take charge of your health today, schedule your screening, make healthier choices, and spread awareness to loved ones.
