Jesus’ call of the tax collector Matthew illustrates his mercy on sinners. Tax collectors were despised by the Jews as collaborators of a foreign power—the Romans— and were notorious for collecting more than what was prescribed (Lk 3:12- 13). By mingling with them, Jesus transgresses the social propriety of not mixing with these “public sinners.”

The Pharisees, who call themselves “the separated ones” and who value moral, legal, and ritual propriety, are quick to challenge Jesus on this matter. But Jesus is faithful to his mission as messenger of reconciliation. Citing the book of Hosea (6:6), he reminds his audience of God’s will: “I desire mercy, not sacrifice” (v 13). Jesus did not come to call the righteous but sinners.

He is misericordiae vultus, the face of the Father’s mercy. Pope Francis writes, “Mercy has become living and visible in Jesus of Nazareth, reaching its culmination in him… Jesus of Nazareth, by his words, his actions, and his entire person reveals the mercy of God” (Misericordiae Vultus, 1). How often do we brand people as sinners, and exalt ourselves at their expense? Are we desirous of their repentance and conversion, or are quick to judge them?

As Jesus passed by, he saw a man named Matthew sitting at the customs post. He said to him, “Follow me.” And he got up and followed him. While he was at table in his house, many tax collectors and sinners came and sat with Jesus and his disciples.

The Pharisees saw this and said to his disciples, “Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?” He heard this and said, “Those who are well do not need a physician, but the sick do. Go and learn the meaning of the words, I desire mercy, not sacrifice. I did not come to call the righteous but sinners.”