In the early 20th century, Spanish-American philosopher George Santayana wrote, “Those who don't know history are destined to repeat it.” Some variations of this quote read, “Those who cannot remember the past are bound to repeat the mistakes.” Regardless of the wordings, the essence of both statements remains similar.

History is complex, often seen through different lenses, and subject to varying perspectives and interpretations. However, within the confines of time and space, historical events are “singular.” One such pivotal event in our nation's history is the Martial Law era. Exactly 51 years ago today, President Ferdinand Marcos Sr. issued Proclamation No. 1081, imposing Martial Law nationwide, setting off a chain reaction, with institutions “falling down like dominoes.”

According to the government's Official Gazette, “around 8,000 individuals, including senators, civil libertarians, journalists, students, and labor leaders, were arrested and detained without due process upon the declaration of Martial Law.”

Subsequently, the government took control of all forms of media on Sept. 22, 1972. “Marcos issued Letter of Instruction No. 1, ordering the Press Secretary and Defense Secretary to assume control over all media outlets. All periodicals were padlocked, and media personalities who had criticized Marcos, his family, or his administration were taken to Camp Crame without any charges being filed,” as reported by the Official Gazette.

Martial Law was eventually lifted on Jan. 17, 1981, “in an effort to calm the growing opposition of the Catholic Church,” as the administration prepared for the first state visit of Pope John Paul II on Feb. 17, 1981.

In 2022, Amnesty International issued a statement online, urging Filipinos not to forget this dark chapter in history. The group warned that “forgetting a past of grave human rights violations without guaranteeing the rights to truth, justice, and reparations is dangerous and will lead to further human rights violations.”

While differing opinions persist, the facts remain unchanged. Some argue that Martial Law was a necessary measure during its time, viewing it as a “tool against insurgency.” Others vehemently condemn it as a brutal and dark period in Philippine history. A visit to the Bantayog ng mga Bayani in Quezon City to read the “Wall of Remembrance” can refresh one’s memory of heroes who fought for democracy.

Quotes about history may have various versions, but facts cannot be changed in any way or form. When we understand and accept the facts of our history, we can learn from it and be vigilant.

Fifty-one years later, we pause to review the past, and continue to work on a brighter future which can only be achieved if we work together. National unity, which President Ferdinand R. Marcos, Jr. presented during his electoral campaign, is what will bring progress to each town, improve the lives of Filipinos, solve the reasons behind insurgency, and cultivate a stronger democracy so that history will not repeat itself.