PARIS, France - President Emmanuel Macron will meet leaders of all of France's political parties Wednesday, including his most bitter opponents, outside Paris in a bid to break the deadlock of a hung parliament.

Deprived of an absolute majority in the National Assembly lower house since last year's parliamentary elections, Macron said he wanted a "frank, honest and direct discussion" aimed at "acting together" for the benefit of voters.

In a letter inviting party bosses from the hard left to far right, Macron vowed to work together on writing new laws and "if need be" organising referendums -- a rare political tool that has previously backfired.

One idea under discussion is the government organising what has been dubbed a "preferendum" -- a non-binding public consultation that would offer voters multiple choice questions on issues such as immigration or education.

Traditional one-question, yes-or-no referendums have in the past seen voters seek to censure the president himself, tripping up Francois Mitterrand and Jacques Chirac on European issues in 1992 and 2005.

"By asking several questions, people may vent on one of them and respond on the issues on all the others," government spokesman Olivier Veran told broadcaster BFMTV on Monday.

Legitimacy

Conservatives and the far right have already called for referendums on immigration while the NUPES alliance of left parties wants voters to have a direct say on Macron's already-passed controversial pension changes.

For its part, Macron's Renaissance party would prefer a referendum with "between three and five questions", including on institutional reform.

"It's a way to regain legitimacy if people vote yes," one senior Renaissance MP said.

On the other hand, "if this new 'democratic innovation' is a damp squib, Emmanuel Macron will have no levers available to save his second term from getting bogged down," the daily Le Monde commented.

Constitutional lawyers have also raised doubts, with expert Bertrand Mathieu telling Le Monde the idea amounts to "a never-before-seen procedure, a kind of life-size poll organised by the state".

"Nothing would bind the legislative and executive branches afterwards, and no-one would be able to call on the Constitutional Council to insist the ballot box is respected," he added.

'Avoid blockage by any means'

The political leaders will gather in Saint-Denis just outside Paris, a poor suburb hit by riots in late June and early July over the police shooting of a teenager during a traffic stop.

Two roundtables will cover international affairs and possible institutional reforms, with a later dinner covering the problems highlighted by the riots: education, integration, inequality and "authority", the president's Elysee Palace office said.

Macron's centrist minority government appears to have run out of road with its strategy of bill by bill alliances and use of an unpopular mechanism to ram laws through without a vote, especially to pass contested pension changes earlier this year.

Now the president "wants to avoid blockages by any means available", a senior member of his entourage told AFP.

Macron "wants to see where there are disagreements, and if they cannot be overcome, see what subjects French voters could decide on" in a referendum.