PARIS, France -- Average global temperatures at the start of June were the warmest the European Union's climate monitoring unit has ever recorded for the period, trouncing previous records by a "substantial margin", it said on Thursday. The news comes as the El Nino climate phenomenon has officially arrived, raising fears of extreme weather and more temperature records. "The world has just experienced its warmest early June on record, following a month of May that was less than 0.1 degrees Celsius cooler than the warmest May on record," said Samantha Burgess, deputy director of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). "Global-mean surface air temperatures for the first days of June 2023 were the highest in the ERA5 data record for early June by a substantial margin," Copernicus said. Some of the unit's data goes back as far as 1950. Copernicus recently announced that global oceans were warmer last month than in any other May on record. The unit said that on June 8 and 9 this year, the global average daily temperature was about 0.4C warmer than previous records for the same days. It also said that at the beginning of June, global temperatures exceeded pre-industrial levels by more than 1.5C, which is the most ambitious cap for global warming in the 2015 Paris Agreement. According to the data, the daily global average temperature was at or above the 1.5C threshold between June 7-11, reaching a maximum of 1.69C above it on June 9.

'Every fraction matters'

While it is the first time the cap has been breached in June, this limit has been exceeded several times in winter and spring in recent years. "Every single fraction of a degree matters to avoid even more severe consequences of the climate crisis," Burgess said. El Nino, meaning "Little Boy" in Spanish, is marked by warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean near the equator. The weather pattern last occurred in 2018-19 and takes place every 2-7 years on average. Most of the warmest years on record have come during El Ninos, and scientists are concerned that this summer and the next could see record temperatures on land and in the sea. "As the current El Nino continues to develop there is good reason to expect periods in the coming 12 months during which the global-mean air temperature again exceeds pre-industrial levels by more than 1.5C," Copernicus said. The monitoring unit is based in the Germany city of Bonn, where UN-led climate talks are taking place ahead of the COP28 climate summit set to be held in Dubai at the end of the year.