As we step into 2025, it is imperative that we reflect on the importance of our lifestyle choices, particularly our dietary habits, and their profound impact on our health, The rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers, and chronic respiratory conditions has become a global concern, with unhealthy diets being a significant contributing factor.
The Department of Health (DOH) on Jan. 2 expressed concern on the increase in NCD cases, such as acute stroke, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and bronchial asthma during the holiday season. Acute stroke cases went up from 12 cases recorded on Dec. 23, to 146 cases on Jan. 2, 2025, with two fatalities, with majority of the patients aged 45 to 64 years old. Cases of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), or sudden changes of blood flow to the heart, including heart attack, increased from two cases on Dec. 22, to 74 on Jan. 2, with one fatality. Most patients were aged 55 to 74 years old.
The cases, which were monitored only in two hospitals in Metro Manila, mirrors the global trend of NCDs. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), NCDs account for 71 percent of all deaths worldwide, with 80 percent of these deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. The Philippine Statistics Authority reported that NCDs are responsible for a significant portion of the country’s mortality rate, with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes as among the top killers.
Unhealthy diets, characterized by high consumption of sugars, salts, saturated fats, and trans fatty acids, are major risk factors for NCDs. These dietary choices can lead to obesity, hypertension, and elevated blood sugar levels. Excessive salt intake is linked to increased blood pressure, a leading cause of stroke and heart disease. Similarly, diets high in processed sugars contribute to obesity and insulin resistance, paving the way for type 2 diabetes.
Adopting a healthy diet is a powerful factor in preventing NCDs. Consuming more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins into daily meals can significantly reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases. For example, diets rich in fruits and vegetables provide essential vitamins and minerals that boost the immune system and combat oxidative stress, a contributor to cancer development. Whole grains are excellent sources of fiber, aiding in digestion and helping to maintain healthy blood sugar levels, thus preventing diabetes.
The first step toward change is awareness. Practical steps to healthier eating starts with understanding the nutritional content of foods to enable us to make informed decisions. Reading food labels, moderating portion sizes, and limiting the intake of processed and fast foods are practical steps. Reducing the consumption of sugary beverages and opting for water or natural fruit juices can decrease calorie intake and reduce the risk of obesity.
Combining healthy eating with regular physical activity extends the benefits of making healthier choices. At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week can help maintain a healthy weight, lower blood pressure, and improve overall cardiovascular health. Brisk walking is an accessible option that can be incorporated into daily routines.
Addressing the surge in NCDs requires a collective effort. Government initiatives such as policies that regulate the marketing of unhealthy foods, especially to children, are essential. Community programs should educate and encourage healthy lifestyle choices.
The journey to better health begins with a single step – make a healthier choice.